Our Deep History
A museum of unexplained ancient sites and relics
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Acahualinca footprints
— About 2,120 years, in one correlation (an older soil date still circulates)
Adulis
— 1st century to the early 7th (a possible gap, and churches late in the span)
Ain Dara
— Iron Age (the footprints are the question)
Ale's Stones
— Late Iron Age, on the charcoal (a solar date is also published)
Alta rock carvings
— About 5000 BC to the start of the common era (shorelines date the panels, and round marks have been read as sun and moon)
Altamira
— About 36,000 to 13,000 years ago (several dating clocks, not one birthday)
Amambay rock art
— Mid-Holocene hearth date (5,212 ± 323 before present, on one fire)
Ambum Stone
— Buried by about 1500 BCE (rootlets in a crack, not the day it was carved)
Angkor Wat
— Early 12th century (The reign given for the builder is 1113 to 1149. The temple faces west.)
Apollo 11 Cave
— Buried between 27,500 and 25,500 years ago (the layer date is not the day the animals were painted)
Baalbek
— Roman imperial centuries (the largest stones)
Bamiyan
— Statues in the 6th and 7th centuries, murals from the 5th (two calibrations, and drying oil in some caves)
Ban Chiang
— Bronze debated, about 2000 BC or about 1000 BC (rice in the pots against bone collagen from the graves)
Bandiagara and the Dogon sky
— A cliff lived on for centuries (the Sirius tradition is the open reading)
Bavarian elongated skulls
— Around 500 AD (graves of the Migration Period)
Blombos Cave
— About 77,000 and about 73,000 years (engraved ochre, then a drawn cross-hatch, both on loose pieces)
Boyne Valley
— About 3200 to 3000 BC for the great mounds (shared horizon for Newgrange, Knowth and Dowth; use continued later)
Bujang Valley
— Iron smelting in the early centuries CE (an older sample treated as an outlier)
Caguana
— About 1270, in the case study (courts restored, bearings without degrees)
Carnac
— About 4600 to 4300 BC for dated alignments (the earliest dated rows; the whole complex spans centuries)
Çatalhöyük
— 9,000+ years (approximate)
Cerro Pintado
— Not directly dated (motifs shared with pots of about 100 BC to 1480 CE)
Chavín de Huántar
— 1500 to 300 BCE (The culture’s span in the World Heritage listing. The shells are a first-millennium context.)
Cheomseongdae
— Reign of Seondeok, 632 to 647 (observatory, altar, or both)
Chinchorro mummies
— From about 5450 BCE (the oldest deliberate mummies)
Chongoni
— Late Stone Age to the 20th century (red hunter-gatherer paint and white farmer paint)
Christmas River
— Cut bone older than 10,500 years, or settlement after about 500 CE (the same island, two clocks)
Ciudad del Jaguar
— Earthworks in a rainforest valley (a cache dated by style to 1000–1400 CE)
Côa Valley
— Some lines older than about 15,000 years (a buried panel gives a minimum; most open-air lines still have no burial)
Coliboaia Cave
— About 32,500 to 31,200 years on one figure (older charcoal nearby was on a bench, not in the line)
Cueva de las Manos
— From about 9,300 radiocarbon years ago (pigment matched to a layer, not a date on every figure)
Dabous giraffes
— A wet-Sahara style, about 9,000 to 6,500 BCE (no date on the groove)
Deer stones
— About 1200 to 600 BC (UNESCO span for the inscribed stones; horse remains cluster about 1200 to 700 BC)
Dilmun burial mounds
— About 2200 to 1750 BCE (royal mounds and a landscape of thousands)
Diquís
— About AD 500 to 1500 (several open questions)
Dmanisi skulls
— 1.85 to 1.77 million years (five skulls, one of them 546 cubic centimetres, with simple flake tools)
El-Kurru
— about 750–650 BCE (royal cemetery of Kush’s 25th Dynasty, and a later pyramid)
Ellès dolmens
— A necropolis dated 1800–1600 BC at Dougga, and 9th–8th century BC at Mididi (dolmen fields with more than one clock)
Ennedi rock art
— Pictures from about 5000 BC onward (style and climate, not paint dates)
Erebuni
— 782 BCE (founded by Argishti I in his fifth year)
Etruscan texts
— About 500 BC for the gold sheets (a readable alphabet, a language only partly known)
Ggantija
— 4th and 3rd millennia BCE (the roof is gone)
Giza
— Old Kingdom, and older claims (several clocks)
Gla and the Kopais
— A Mycenaean fortress on a drained lake (The walls are about 5.5 to 5.8 metres thick, around about 20 hectares.)
Gobustan
— Upper Palaeolithic to the Middle Ages (more than 6,000 engravings, not one date)
Gonur Tepe
— About 2400 to 1600 BC (the Oxus civilization’s main city, with a ritual drink still argued)
Great Zimbabwe
— 11th–15th centuries (a Shona capital, granite laid without mortar)
Haʻamonga ʻa Maui
— About the 13th century, by tradition (the solstice sightline is the open reading)
Hegra
— Inscribed tombs, years 1 to 75 CE (Regnal dates on the façades. The sandstone is vastly older.)
Hun-era shaped skulls
— 5th and 6th centuries (Hunnic and Gepid graves)
Hvalsey Church
— About 985 to the mid-1400s (a wedding in writing, then a radiocarbon tail)
Ifugao rice terraces
— A listing of 2,000 years, and terrace dates after about 1500 CE (the ponds are older than the radiocarbon, or they are not)
Ishi no Hoden
— Quarry work of the Kofun centuries (still joined to the rock)
Jebel Irhoud
— 315,000 ± 34,000 years (thermoluminescence on burnt flints in the fossil layers)
Jiroft and Konar Sandal
— About 3000 to 2200 BC (Bronze Age civilisation of the Halil River)
Joya de Cerén
— Buried in the seventh century (published years from about 600 to about 660)
Kaali craters
— Shortly after 1530 to 1450 BCE (other clocks still print 400 BCE and 6400 BCE)
Kaimanawa Wall
— Ignimbrite about 330,000 years old (the age of the rock, not of a building)
Kalambo Falls
— At least 476,000 ± 23,000 years (the date is the sand that buried the logs)
Kamyana Mohyla
— Cave images from the Mesolithic into the Middle Ages (the walls are harder to date than the camps)
Kastelli Giant’s Church
— About 2500 to 2000 BC, by the ancient shore (shoreline dating, not a hearth)
Khirokitia
— Seventh to fifth millennium BC on the listing (a walled village, then an empty page)
Kimberley rock paintings
— A kangaroo about 17,300 years old; Gwion figures around 12,000 (mud-wasp nests over and under the paint; shelter coordinates withheld)
Kokino
— Bronze Age hill, sky date in the 19th century BCE (notches read as a calendar)
Krzemionki
— About 3900 to 1600 BCE (four thousand shafts, one striped stone)
Kverkarhellir
— Spoil read as around AD 800 (under the Landnám ash of AD 871 ± 2)
La Tolita platinum
— Platinum worked without a melt (sintered grains)
Laetoli footprints
— 3.66 million years (the Footprint Tuff, with a second trail found in 2015)
Lepenski Vir
— Trapezoid houses from about 6170 BCE (fish-faced boulders in the same phase)
Los Ajos
— About 4,190 radiocarbon years at the village reading (calibrated regional dates sit near 4,800 to 4,600)
Lost Cities of the Amazon
— Earthworks from about 2,500 years ago, towns to about AD 1600 (radiocarbon and lidar)
Magura Cave
— Copper Age and Bronze Age readings, no single lab year (the paint is bat guano, a poor radiocarbon target)
Malakula shaped skulls
— A living practice into the twentieth century (bound in infancy, and a memorial skull)
Mangbetu lipombo
— Into the early 20th century (photographs of the binding)
Marib Dam
— A long dam, visible work of the 4th to 6th century CE (Saba from the 8th century BCE, Sheba unnamed in stone)
Mohenjo-daro
— 2500–1500 BC (the listing’s span for the flourishing city)
Mỹ Sơn
— 4th–13th centuries (Cham brick towers, mostly the later centuries of that span)
Namoratunga II
— About 2400 BC, one eggshell (a star calendar was also proposed for about 300 BC)
Nan Madol
— Monumental work about 1200 to 1500 CE, with earlier islets (basalt, canals, and more than one start)
Nok terracottas
— Main phase, 9th to 4th century BC (iron and the figures arrive together, and the start of that iron is still argued)
Northwest Coast head shaping
— Into the early 20th century (cradles and portraits)
Petra
— Façades of the first centuries BCE and CE (The Treasury cuts earlier graves. The sandstone is older than either.)
Plain of Jars
— Jars perhaps set by the late second millennium BCE (burials around them are much later)
Pomier paintings
— Pre-Hispanic, the count is the dispute (Igneri and Taíno are both named)
Pulemelei Mound
— First platform about 1100 to 1300 CE (raised on a settlement already centuries old)
Puma Punku
— About AD 500 to 1000 (cut, then left unfinished)
Richat Structure
— Cretaceous magmatism, about 100 to 85 million years (an eroded dome, or a ringed city)
Roopkund
— Two centuries of dead (not one storm)
Saimaluu-Tash
— Earliest pictures, 3rd to early 2nd millennium BCE (a high pass used for millennia)
Schöningen spears
— About 300,000, or about 200,000 (the spears were never dated directly until amino acids from the layer itself)
Senegambian stone circles
— Third century BCE to the 16th century CE (a funerary landscape, thinly dated)
Shum Laka
— About 30,000 years of layers, burials at about 8,000 and 3,000 (direct dates on four children)
Sigiriya
— Capital of Kassapa I, 477 to 495 (the garden axis and the zenith sun)
Sri Ksetra
— Pyu cities about 200 BC to AD 900 (Halin’s sequence may start far earlier)
Stonehenge
— From about 3000 BC, stones set about 2500 BC (The circle was rebuilt for a thousand years. The stones came from three distant regions.)
Sumer: the First Cities
— About 5400 to 2000 BC (Eridu, Uruk, Ur and their tablets)
Tadrart Acacus
— Listing span 12,000 BC to 100 CE (a long chronology and a short one)
Tassili n'Ajjer
— An order by overlap, not a paint date (round-head figures under cattle; years are not on the pigment)
Teotihuacan
— A tunnel closed about 1,800 years ago (The city is older. The corridor is one dated act.)
The Bada stones
— Statues and stone vats (age and purpose unsettled)
The Casarabe centres
— About AD 500 to 1400 (lidar, and dark earth)
The Divje Babe bone
— About 60,000 to 50,000 years, in the museum account (a bear bone with holes, flute or teeth)
The hunebedden
— Tomb building about 3400 to 2750 BC (two published brackets for the same culture)
The Ishango bone
— About 25,000 to 16,000 years ago (found at Ishango, on the Semliki, now in Brussels)
The Kintampo tradition
— About 3600 to 3200 BP in the review (millet dates are uncalibrated and separate)
The Pyramids of Xi'an
— 3rd century BC to 1st century AD (imperial tomb mounds)
The Shigir Idol
— About 10,100 BC, about 9600 BC, or later (three published dates for the carving)
The Sigatoka dunes
— About 2600 to 1300 years ago, in phases (a three-level model that was challenged)
The sky caves of Mustang
— Burials about 200 to 700 CE, caves possibly much older (few caves dug, many still closed)
The stelae of Aksum
— 3rd to 4th century stelae (Some 33 metres fallen. The largest standing is over 23 metres, carved as nine storeys. No weight is adopted.)
The Teshik-Tash child
— Middle Paleolithic, no radiocarbon age (tools and a DNA placement, not a calendar year)
The tombs of Al-Ayn
— Hafit period, about 3100 to 2700 BC (beehive tombs on a ridge)
The trilithon
— Roman imperial work (the course is the question)
The Venus of Dolní Věstonice
— Upper layer about 25,950 radiocarbon years (fired loess, not a date on the clay itself)
The Vučedol bird
— Later Copper Age, the pot about 2600 BC in the reading (a bird vessel, and a star calendar read onto another pot)
Tikal
— About 800 BC to AD 900 (Maya city)
Trundholm sun chariot
— About 1400 BC (Nordic Bronze Age, with a day side, a night side, and a counted calendar)
Tsodilo
— A record of at least 100,000 years (paintings undated, cave rite not one century)
Ushtogay Square
— Disputed, late Bronze Age to a possible 8,000 years (one mound was empty, and a solstice reading has no published azimuth)
Venus of Willendorf
— About 30,000 years (oolite from far outside the Wachau)
Visoko hills
— Upper Miocene beds, and a proposed age near 12,500 years (tilted rock, or a building)
Wari-Bateshwar
— Mainly fourth to first century BC (an earlier pit with no date)
Western Wall
— Late Second Temple (the largest block is the question)
White Sands footprints
— About 21,000 to 23,000 years ago (the seeds are the argument)
Zvejnieki
— Late eighth to third millennium BC (figurine graves in the sixth to fourth, dates that can sit too old)
Ain Ghazal statues
— Two caches, uncalibrated charcoal near 6750 and 6570 BC (ancestors, or figures made to be buried)
Almendres Cromlech
— Neolithic, in more than one phase (an equinox sight on an eastward slope)
Antequera
— About 3800 to 3000 BC (several monuments, several clocks)
Āraiši
— Felled in AD 835, in the later match (an earlier match gave AD 776 to 780)
Arkaim and the Country of Towns
— About 2050 to 1900 BC (a walled steppe town)
Arroyo del Vizcaíno
— About 30,000 radiocarbon years (cut marks on sloth bones, or marks the stream made)
Atacama Giant
— About 1000 to 1400 CE, presumed (the height and the purpose)
Bimini Road
— Beachrock cemented about 2,800 radiocarbon years ago (joints, or a pavement)
Biskupin
— Oak felled 747 to 722 BCE (more than half of it in the winter of 738/737)
Bluefish Caves
— about 24,000 years (a cut-marked horse jaw, calibrated from 19,650 radiocarbon years)
Byblos
— About 8800 BC to today (one of the oldest towns on earth)
Caral
— 3000 to 1800 BCE (Radiocarbon of the city, not one foundation trench.)
Carthage tophet
— About the 8th century BCE to 146 BCE (the urns are dated; the cause of death is not)
Chief Roi Mata’s Domain
— A life around 1600 CE, from the archaeology (a mass burial on Artok, and a name from oral history)
Cihuatán
— About 900 to 1100 CE, or to about 1200 (a burned city, and a Pipil name that may be later)
Cochasqui
— Truncated pyramids and ramps (a sky reading, not an angle)
Copán
— A dynasty from 427 CE (the founder’s home is the argument)
Cuicuilco
— A round pyramid, then lava (The institute's year and a calibrated radiocarbon date meet in the third century. A magnetic study places the lava earlier.)
Derinkuyu
— Multi-period (origins debated)
Dhar Tichitt
— About 2000 BC to the 4th century BC (dry-stone villages, and a chronology that was redrawn)
Djenné-Djeno
— From about 250 BCE to the 14th century (a city before the trans-Saharan gold texts)
Dong Son drums
— About 600 BC to the third century CE (a rayed disc on the drumhead, sun or star)
Durrington Walls and Woodhenge
— About 2500 BC (Feasting and timber circles around the time the sarsens were raised. A ring of pits around them is argued.)
El Mirador and the Mirador Basin
— About 1000 BC to AD 150 (Preclassic Maya city)
Fa-Hien Lena
— About 48,000 to 34,000 years ago (bone points read as arrows, and as spear tips)
Garamantes foggaras
— In use from about 400 BC to 700 CE (local invention, or a tunnel borrowed from the east)
Gedi
— 10th to 17th centuries (the museum’s origin is the 12th, and the town was empty by the mid-17th)
Gesher Benot Ya'aqov
— about 780,000 years (Acheulean lake beds at the magnetic reversal)
Gobero burials
— About 7700 to 2500 BCE, in two occupations (a burial gap of about a thousand years sits between them)
Gochang dolmens
— First millennium BCE, and the three groups do not share one date (tombs, or platforms for exposing the dead)
Gundestrup cauldron
— About 150 to 1 BC (made in the southeast, buried in a Danish bog)
Hajjar el Hubla
— Left in the quarry (the stop is the question)
Hal Saflieni Hypogeum
— About 4000 to 2500 BCE (the echo and the roof)
Harappa
— Mature city about 2600 to 1900 BC (the mounds are the argument)
Hintang standing stones
— A Bronze Age proposal, and no radiocarbon yet (cists, discs with a star, and a sixteenth-century bowl in the same soil)
Ikom monoliths
— One result near 200 CE, or a king-list from about 1500 (the carving and the charcoal are not the same clock)
Issyk kurgan
— 400 to 300 BCE, on the bone (a young burial, a sex the skeleton left open, and an unread bowl)
Katanda harpoons
— Older than about 89,000 years (barbed bone points in Middle Stone Age sands)
Kerma
— about 2500–1500 BCE (capital of Kush before Napata)
Khami
— About 1450 to 1650 (the move from Great Zimbabwe is dated more than one way)
Kissonerga
— A deposit about 3000 BCE, a house about 2700–2500 (a bowl of figurines, and a storeroom burned with the jars inside)
Kivik King's Grave
— About 1400 BC for the cist (the cairn was rebuilt, and the bone says it stayed open)
Koi-Krylgan-kala
— 4th to 3rd century BC, then a later reuse (a round plan, 69 degrees or 80)
Koma terracottas
— About the 6th to 12th centuries (mounds first called graves, then shrines)
Kondoa rock paintings
— At least two millennia, on the listing (the paint itself has no radiocarbon date)
Kuk Swamp
— Mounds by about 7000 to 6400 years ago (the 10,000-year surface is the argument)
La Aleta
— About AD 1035 to 1420 (offerings in a sinkhole, or stores of water gear)
La Hueca
— About 160 BC to AD 500 in one filing (a separate migration, or a Saladoid style)
Laguna Copperplate
— Saka 822, which is 900 CE (a debt release, and place-names that are still argued)
Lakaton'i Anja
— Tools in sand dated about 4,380 to 3,470 years ago, or much later (optically stimulated luminescence against charcoal and termite burrows)
Langi of Lapaha
— The Tuʻi Tonga capital, from about a thousand years ago (named tombs, and a sequence the ground has not finished)
Leluh
— Tombs in the 14th century (coral dates against an older style date)
Locmariaquer
— About 4500 BC for the Grand Menhir (erected in the mid-fifth millennium; broken before 4000 BC)
Lumbini
— Postholes about 800 to 550 BC (a timber line under the brick temple, and a wide luminescence span)
Mahasthangarh
— Citadel from about the 4th to 3rd century BC (a Brahmi order read as Mauryan, or later)
Masuda no Iwafune
— Date of making unknown (two holes, and a stopped cut)
Matsieng footprints
— Engravings of unsettled age (holes are natural; the feet are pecked)
Msoura
— Undated circle, with a later mound in the middle (solstice stones reported, and no radiocarbon)
Mulifanua
— About 2880 to 2750 calibrated years ago (a dredged Lapita site, and a second clock that shifts it)
Mustatils
— Late sixth millennium BC, on cattle bone (ritual courts, not stock pens, and not a shared sunrise)
Mwanganda’s Village
— Middle Stone Age, association undone (an elephant and stone tools that may not be one event)
Mycenae and Tiryns
— Late Bronze Age citadels (Tiryns' circuit is placed at the end of the 13th century BCE.)
Natunuku
— Lapita, revised toward about 2800 years ago (a first date of 3240 years that did not hold)
Nebelivka
— About 3950 to 3750 BC (a town of 238 hectares, or a seasonal assembly)
One genome at Rakhigarhi
— One Harappan person (the bone was not dated)
Padah-Lin
— Charcoal from about 13,000 to 1,750 years ago (the red paintings are not dated on the pigment)
Potočka zijalka
— After about 34,000 to 32,000 radiocarbon years (134 bone points, direct dates on the points themselves)
Poverty Point
— About 3,700 to 3,100 years ago (Late Archaic earthworks)
Předmostí
— About 27,000 to 25,000 years ago (the largest Gravettian burial cluster, mostly destroyed in 1945)
Radimlja
— Mostly the 14th and 15th centuries (the custom runs from the later 12th into the 16th)
Rising Star Cave
— About 335,000 to 236,000 years (a bracket on the Dinaledi fossils, not one clock on every bone)
Shahr-e Sukhteh, the Burnt City
— About 3200 to 1800 BC (Bronze Age city)
Shisr
— A fortress from the 2nd century BC, used into Islamic times (the name Ubar is the part that does not sit on one city)
Si Thep
— Dvaravati, 6th to 10th centuries (a moated town whose end is told as the 12th century and as later)
Sirwah
— A royal text of about 715 BCE (whether this was the first Sabaean capital is the argument)
Spy Cave
— About 44,200 to 40,600 years ago, in the later dating (older collagen dates were younger by up to 10,000 years)
Surtshellir
— Late 9th century into the 10th (bone piles after the lava cooled, read as rite or as shelter)
Susiluola
— Perhaps the Eemian, about 130,000 to 100,000 years (stones in a cave, read as tools and as natural breakage)
Tafí menhirs
— About 200 BCE to 800 CE (the stones were moved, so a sunrise is hard to check)
Taima-Taima
— About 14,000 to 13,000 radiocarbon years, or younger (an El Jobo point in a mastodon pelvis, and a spring that mixes carbon)
Tărtăria tablets
— Pit charcoal and bone in the late sixth millennium BC (the tablets themselves were never dated)
Tash-Rabat
— 15th century, or the 10th to 12th (a stone hall at about 3,200 metres)
Tell Abu Hureyra
— A boundary layer about 12,800 years ago (meltglass from a fire, or from a cosmic event)
The Azokh jaw
— Middle Pleistocene, horizon uncertain (a jaw from 1968 whose layer was written down two ways)
The Barbar temple
— Centuries around 2000 BC (three temples, and a copper bull under the floor)
The Deep Skull at Niah
— About 46,000 to 34,000 years for the activity (the skull most likely near 37,000, after a long argument about intrusion)
The DGB sites
— Mostly the 13th to 17th centuries (platforms for rain ritual, display, or defence)
The Galgenberg figure
— About 36,000 years, from the fire (charcoal at 31,000 to 32,000 radiocarbon years)
The Gate of the Sun
— About AD 500 to 1000 (calendar or deity)
The Hawulti of Matara
— Stele placed in the 3rd or early 4th century (a disc and crescent, and a South Arabian or local hand)
The Kabwe skull
— About 299,000 years (a best estimate on a skull from a mine that is gone)
The Maros paintings
— Paint under cave calcite (minimum ages, not birthdays)
The Mongolian Arc
— Jin dynasty, about AD 1150 to 1242 at one enclosure (a 405-kilometre ditch, dated at one fort)
The Pantheon
— AD 118 to 125 for the standing rotunda (an older name on the front, an untested mix in the dome)
The reservoirs and the city grid
— A water network, 9th to 16th centuries (The West Baray is assumed to be early 11th century. The precise year is not known.)
The rings at Punta del Este
— Pre-colonial pictographs, undated by radiocarbon (56 circles in red and black, read as a calendar and as a count)
The Round Hall at Nisa
— Mid 3rd century BC into the early centuries CE (a round hall whose job is still temple, tomb, or heroon)
The Salme ships
— Around AD 750 (a crew from across the Baltic, dead in a fight)
The ships at Begby
— Bronze Age, roughly 1800 to 500 BC (ships and sun wheels on a slope that faces west-northwest)
The Trebeništa masks
— End of the 6th century BC (a fifth mask, found in Ohrid, is 5th century)
The Trialeti goblet
— 18th to 17th century BC, by comparison (a kurgan cup, early second millennium)
The Uunartoq disc
— About AD 1200 (half an oak disc, read as a sun compass and as something else)
The Wassenaar grave
— About 1700 BC (charcoal from a grave of twelve, not a year on each bone)
The White Lady of the Brandberg
— Paint of unpublished radiocarbon age (a Mediterranean woman in one reading, a local hunter in another)
Tillya Tepe
— Burials in the later first century CE (six graves in an older mound, and a mix of styles)
Tin Hinan tomb
— Wood at 470 ± 130 CE (a coin impression says not before 308)
Tiwanaku
— From a village to an Andean capital (the stone is the argument)
Toumaï
— Between about 7.2 and 6.8 million years (a crushed skull, and a femur argued both ways)
Varna necropolis
— About 4590 to 4340 BC (gold, empty graves, and what the gold was for)
Vela Spila
— About 17,500 to 15,000 years ago (fired clay from horizons dated on charcoal and bone)
Vértesszőlős
— About 315,000 or about 185,000 years (two uranium-series readings of the same travertine)
Vinča signs
— Late Neolithic, Vinča horizon (the signs are older than proto-cuneiform if the pots are)
Wairau Bar
— About 1288 to 1300 CE (eggshell dates, after older charcoal dates were set aside)
Walalde
— About 800 to 200 BC (iron that may be made here, or only used here)
Wurdi Youang
— Aboriginal, and undated (solstice and equinox alignments, with no excavation date)
Yeha
— A temple before Aksum (Sabaean inscriptions on the blocks. The kingdom is pre-Aksumite.)
Zapatera statues
— About AD 800 to 1200 (surface pottery, and statues that may have been moved)
Zorats Karer
— Middle Bronze Age into the Iron Age, or a much older observatory (holes in the stones, and burials in the ground)
Abu Rawash
— Fourth Dynasty (mostly destroyed)
Accounts of the teachers
— Texts and carvings, many centuries apart (testimony, not a route)
Avebury
— About 2850 to 2200 BC (Built and altered over six centuries, around a place marked as early as about 3500 BC.)
Cerro Pintados
— About 900 to 1500 CE (route, rite, or both)
Chogha Zanbil
— About 1250 BC (Elamite ziggurat)
Cholula
— 3rd century BCE to the 9th century CE (One record's span for a mound built in stages. The height is not agreed.)
Gavrinis
— About 3500 BC (late fifth to early fourth millennium BC for the passage grave)
Giants' tombs
— About 1800 to 1400 BC in two phases (an older gallery, then the great front)
Guayabo
— From about 1000 BC (aqueducts and paved roads)
Kaymaklı
— Multi-period (origins debated)
Kostenki
— About 45,000 to 20,000 years ago (the Ice Age villages of the Don)
L'Anse aux Meadows
— Early 11th century (a 2021 study's best fit is the year 1021)
Machu Picchu
— About 1420 to 1532 (Radiocarbon of 26 people buried at the estate, not a date of each wall.)
Mahendraparvata, on Phnom Kulen
— 8th to 9th century, from the inscriptions (The laser flight was 2012. It mapped streets. It did not mint a new date.)
Maryam Tsion and the Ark
— Living claim; chapel rebuilt in the twentieth century (The object itself is unseen by visitors. Access is limited to one guardian.)
Nakbe
— About 1400 BC to AD 200 (Early Maya city)
Serpent Mound
— Adena or Fort Ancient (the charcoal and the soil disagree)
Tartessos
— About 900 to 500 BC (texts older than the digs; digs denser after 750 BC)
The cart ruts
— Mostly Classical, some Roman (the date was the fight)
The iron pillar in Delhi
— Ancient wrought iron (the film is explained, the forge is not)
The lake and the city
— About AD 500 to 1100 (the water was lower)
The Pnyx wall
— Great wall, later 4th century BCE (Pottery in the fill. The first full publication read the wall as Roman.)
The Upano towns
— About 500 BCE to 600 CE (platforms, fields, and roads)
The Yonaguni formation
— Sandstone under the sea (cut, or jointed)
Tyre
— About 2750 BC to today (an island city)
Akapana and Kalasasaya
— About 200 BC to AD 1000 (platform, court and sunken temple)
Barnenez
— About 4800 to 4000 BC (primary cairn among Europe’s oldest large stone monuments)
Cave of El Castillo
— At least about 40,800 years for some marks (uranium-series minima — contested open-system debate)
Chaco Canyon
— About AD 850 to 1150 (great-house centuries)
Forests and the ice
— Forests into the Eocene (ice sheets grow from about 34 million years ago)
Gunung Padang
— Stone terraces on a hill (and a retracted deeper date)
Hill of Tara
— Passage tomb about 3000 BC; kingship landscape through the Iron Age and into early medieval memory (many monuments, many clocks)
Kbal Spean, the carved river
— Carvings in the living riverbed (The common name says a thousand. These frames are not a count.)
Lalibela
— Eleven churches, cut in the rock (12th century in the brief synthesis, 13th in the short description. No volume is printed.)
Monte d'Accoddi
— About 4000 to 3000 BC for the two terraces (a stepped altar with two published heights)
Ollantaytambo
— Unfinished in the Inca century (The work stopped, and a year for the first course is not a laboratory date.)
Pavlopetri
— A town now under the bay (It is called the oldest submerged town plan, and a depth in metres is not adopted here.)
Qrendi temples
— 4th millennium BCE, and later (the light on the stones)
Rapa Nui
— From the late first millennium (several questions)
San Bartolo murals
— About 300 BC to AD 100 (Preclassic murals)
Sannai-Maruyama
— About 3900 to 2200 BC (Early to Middle Jōmon hub settlement)
Saqqara
— Early dynastic to later (more than one question)
Sayburç
— 11,000+ years (dates approximate)
Sidon and the Temple of Eshmun
— Bronze Age to today (healing god, royal coffins)
Silbury Hill
— About 2470 to 2350 BC (Built in a short span, perhaps about a century. Its purpose is unknown.)
Sungir
— About 34,000 years ago (beaded burials of the Ice Age)
Susa and the Code of Hammurabi
— Late 5th millennium BC to AD 1200 (Elamite and Persian capital)
The Barabar caves
— Mauryan granite (the polish is undated as a method)
The Fuente Magna
— Uncertain (no documented context)
Valdivia pottery
— Early pottery on the coast (local, or compared with Japan)
Valeriana
— A capital in a 2013 forest scan (An E-group suggests a start before AD 150. That is a style, not charcoal.)
Aguada Fénix
— 1000 to 800 BCE (Bayesian radiocarbon of the platform. A 2025 paper prints the width as 400 metres.)
Aguateca
— About AD 700 to 810 (Abandoned Maya city)
Akrotiri
— Buried by the Thera eruption (The town is Bronze Age, and the year of the ash is still argued.)
Beng Mealea
— A galleried sandstone temple, largely on the ground (No enclosure length and no royal name are adopted.)
Channeled Scablands
— About 17,000 to 13,000 years ago (last series of outburst floods)
Charts of a southern land
— 1513, 1531, and 1754 (dates written on the sheets)
Cueva de los Tayos
— A natural cave, and a library claim (sherds, and no metal catalogue)
Dahshur
— Fourth Dynasty (Sneferu’s two experiments)
Denisova Cave
— About 300,000 to 20,000 years ago (home of a lost human population)
Dholavira
— Harappan city (the signs are unread)
Dogū
— About 1500 to 300 BC for goggle-eyed forms (Late to Final Jōmon; earlier types are older)
El Fuerte de Samaipata
— About AD 300 to the 1600s (a carved hill, three cultures)
Għar Dalam
— Bones deep in the Ice Age, people at about 7,400 years (the layers do not share one date)
Göbekli Tepe
— 11,600+ years (dates debated)
Jiangjunfen, the "Pyramid of the East"
— About AD 400 to 500 (a Goguryeo royal tomb)
Lascaux
— About 17,000 years ago (Solutrean to early Magdalenian readings both remain in play)
Loughcrew
— About 3500 to 3000 BC for the main cairns (passage-tomb cemetery on the hag’s hills)
Moray
— Inca terraces (An engineering study’s depth and temperature, not a radiocarbon year.)
Nerja Cave
— Seal paintings — ages contested (open-system uranium-series caution)
Persepolis
— 518 to 330 BC (Achaemenid ceremonial capital)
Sangiran
— Homo erectus in a long sequence (first arrival still argued)
Santa Cristina
— About 1000 BC in the archaeological dating (a cut-stone well, and a lunar claim that depends on the width of the hole)
The Abba Garima Gospels
— Radiocarbon about 390–570 and 530–660 (Earlier palaeography, dating by the look of the handwriting, had placed them around 1100 or later.)
The Byblos script
— About 1800 to 1500 BC (undeciphered)
The Tiwanaku monoliths
— About AD 500 to 1000 (statues of giants)
The waters off Cape San Antonio
— Undated (reported between 600 and 750 metres down)
Uffington White Horse
— Late Bronze Age or Early Iron Age (Luminescence gives 1380 to 550 BC at 68 per cent. It has been kept white by hand ever since.)
Valle del Encanto
— About 500 to 700 CE (pictures, and cups that grow)
Calanais
— About 2900 to 2600 BC (Raised before the main circle at Stonehenge. Buried in peat from about 1000 BC.)
Carrowmore
— Burial use about 3800 to 3000 BC on antler-pin dates (earlier charcoal readings once claimed Mesolithic construction — now widely walked back)
Chauvet
— About 37,000 to 33,500 years ago (two pulses of human use; early dates long contested on style)
Dolmen of Guadalperal
— About 5000 to 4000 BC (Neolithic; flooded most years since the reservoir)
Geometric stones of Huentelauquén
— Older than about 7,730 BCE (the use is unknown)
Hawara
— Middle Kingdom, and a Greek description (the labyrinth is the question)
Ingapirca
— Late 15th century (Inca ashlar on a Cañari place)
Inkallajta
— Late 15th century (the largest Inca hall)
Ishibutai
— Early seventh century (square mound once covered the chamber)
Karahan Tepe
— 11,000+ years (dates approximate)
Liang Bua
— A small-bodied hominin (and the ebu gogo account)
Mont'e Prama
— About 900 to 750 BC (stone giants broken in a necropolis, date still wide)
Murray Springs
— About 12,900 years ago (Clovis camp under a black mat)
Naqsh-e Rustam
— About 1000 BC to AD 300 (Royal necropolis)
Osireion
— New Kingdom, or older masonry (the water and the stone)
Pyramid-like peaks
— Named 1949–52 (a shape on the survey photographs)
Quiriguá
— About AD 200 to 850 (Maya stelae)
Sacsayhuamán
— Inca centuries, on a hill already lived on (Killke occupation is published, and a year for the largest blocks is not.)
San Lorenzo
— About 1400 to 900 BCE (The great phase at San Lorenzo. La Venta is the next Gulf capital.)
Santa Ana-La Florida
— Cacao and a stone spiral (about 5300 years)
Shimao, the Stone City
— About 2300 to 1800 BC (radiocarbon dated)
The Ahiram sarcophagus
— About 1000 BC (the earliest full alphabet text)
The Antikythera mechanism
— Before the wreck, and not one year (The ship is the latest date, and the letters may be earlier.)
The basin at Lothal
— Harappan brick basin (dock or tank)
The Bayon
— Late 12th to early 13th century (The face-towers are the state temple of Jayavarman VII. The count of towers is not one number.)
Tiya
— 36 monuments, age not fixed (UNESCO counts them and says the age is not precisely determined.)
Behistun
— About 520 BC (Royal inscription)
Bryn Celli Ddu
— Neolithic, about 5,000 years ago (A henge and stone circle first, then a passage tomb. The order has been argued for a century.)
Cosquer Cave
— About 33,000 to 20,000 years ago (two clusters in 41 radiocarbon samples; one tradition or two is still argued)
Dendera
— Greco-Roman temple (the reliefs are later)
Dwarka under the water
— Stone in shallow water (the blocks are undated)
Kaminaljuyu
— About 1500 BC to AD 1200 (Highland Maya city)
Knocknarea
— Likely Neolithic; unexcavated (form and landscape point to the passage-tomb age; no modern dig of the great cairn)
Lady of Elche
— About 5th to 4th centuries BC (Iberian sculpture; find context thin)
Lubang Jeriji Saléh
— Animal at least 40,000 years; one hand younger than 51,800 (minimums and a maximum are different claims)
Monte Verde
— About 14,500 years ago, now challenged (the layer is the question)
Palenque
— Pakal, 603 to 683 (Dates read from the glyphs. Not a radiocarbon of the lid.)
Sakafuneishi
— Mid to late seventh century (hill reshaped with stone and waterworks)
Sanxingdui, the Bronzes of Shu
— Buried about 1200 to 1000 BC (radiocarbon dated pits)
Sefer Tepe
— Pre-Pottery Neolithic (dates not settled)
Su Nuraxi
— Later 2nd millennium BC for the keep (towers, village, and a dating argument that is not closed)
Ta Prohm
— Late 12th century (A foundation inscription is read as 1186. The odd animal is a small roundel, not a date.)
The dolmens of the Caucasus
— About 3250 to 1250 BC (stone houses with a round door)
The Mounds of Marajó
— About AD 800 to 1400, with activity from about 1000 BC (radiocarbon)
The Phaistos disc
— A disc from the palace, still unread (The palace is Bronze Age, and the signs are not a decoded script.)
The stones of Cusco
— Inca city, and a testimony of earlier walls (The twelve angles can be counted, and a year under the stone cannot.)
The Younger Dryas impact
— About 12,900 years ago (a cold return, cause open)
Tuto Fela
— A cemetery of carved stelae (Hundreds of phallic and anthropomorphic stones. The pin is the region, not a surveyed gate.)
Under the ice
— Drilled in 2012 (water from under the ice, not a wall)
Borobudur
— 8th–9th century (built around a natural hill)
Dún Aonghasa
— Late Bronze Age origins; walls rebuilt and used into the Iron Age and later (multiphase cliff enclosure)
Fell's Cave and Pali Aike
— About 11,000 to 8,600 years ago (camp, funeral, and the sea unused)
Hashihaka
— Mid-third century (among the earliest great keyhole tombs; interior not excavated)
Karnak
— Middle and New Kingdoms (the axis is the question)
Koh Ker, the stepped pyramid
— Sole capital, 928 to 944 (A rival of Angkor from 921. One building phase of 23 years. No height is adopted.)
Liangzhu, City of Jade and Dams
— About 3300 to 2300 BC (radiocarbon dated)
Menorca taulas
— Postalayotic T (the function is the open part)
Mitla
— Height around 1200 (Zapotec and Mixtec, open at the edges)
Monte Sierpe
— Late Intermediate, and still used under the Inca (About 1000 to 1400, then the Inca century. The paper’s reading, not a foundation date.)
Nevalı Çori
— 10,000+ years (dates approximate)
Pech Merle
— One charcoal result, 24,640 ± 390 BP (most of the black line is mineral and cannot be dated that way)
Serra da Capivara and Pedra Furada
— Claims from 50,000 years ago, paintings from about 11,000 (contested)
The Arkalochori Axe
— About 1700 to 1450 BC (The axe is dated by the cave deposit.)
The Book of Enoch
— Sections from about the 3rd century BCE; complete in Ge'ez (Aramaic fragments at Qumran. Full book only in Ethiopic.)
The Gulf of Khambhat
— A sonar picture (the wood is not a floor)
The Kunz Axe and Olmec Jade
— About 1200 to 400 BC (dated by style)
The Maykop kurgan
— About 3700 to 3000 BC (a chief buried with gold bulls)
The Monte Alto heads
— About 500 BC to AD 200 (Magnetic sculptures)
The Persian Qanats
— About 500 BC to today (Underground water channels)
Three Rivers petroglyphs
— About AD 200 to 1450 (Jornada Mogollon, by the land manager)
Vitrified forts
— Iron Age, and into Pictish times (The summit wall at Tap o' Noth dates to the last centuries BC. The settlement below runs to the 6th century AD.)
Boncuklu Tarla
— 12,000+ years (dates debated)
Bruniquel Cave
— 176,500 ± 2,100 years (uranium-series on the calcite that seals the structures)
Chinook and Adena head shaping
— Seen in the 1800s, and in Adena graves (cradles, not a species)
Daisenryō
— Fifth century (largest keyhole tomb; imperial interior not excavated)
Doggerland
— Dry land until about 9000 years ago, a last island to about 7000 (Drowned by rising seas. A great wave struck about 8150 years ago.)
Kailasa at Ellora
— Cut from one cliff (the mass is not agreed)
Niuheliang and the Hongshan Jades
— About 3500 to 3000 BC (Hongshan culture)
Pakal's Sarcophagus Lid
— AD 683 (dated by the inscriptions)
Paracas
— A figure the ministry calls an enigma (About 170 metres long, while the skulls are a different question, and they are human.)
Pazyryk and the Ice Maiden
— About 5th to 3rd century BC (the frozen tombs of the Altai)
Sambor Prei Kuk
— Late 6th and early 7th centuries (UNESCO's brief says more than a hundred temples, ten octagonal. The longer text says 186.)
Takalik Abaj
— About 1000 BC to AD 1000 (Olmec and Maya city)
The Ethiopian Bible
— Living 81-book Ge'ez canon (Broader than Protestant, Catholic, or Eastern Orthodox lists.)
The Ingá Stone
— Undated, carved before the colonial era (unknown)
The Trinil shell
— 430,000–540,000 years (sediment inside shells from the main bone layer)
Turoe Stone
— Iron Age, about 300 to 100 BC for the carving style (La Tène ornament on granite; original setting argued)
Unfinished obelisk
— New Kingdom quarry (abandoned when it cracked)
Babylon and the Tower of Babel
— About 2300 BC to AD 200 (city of the Tower of Babel)
Banteay Chhmar
— late 12th–early 13th century (a temple city of Jayavarman VII)
Cahokia
— About AD 1050 to 1150 at its height (Mississippian city)
Caracol
— About 600 BC to AD 900 (Maya city)
Colossi of Memnon
— Eighteenth Dynasty (the haul is the question)
Gargas
— 26,860 ± 460 BP on a bone, not the paint (uncalibrated radiocarbon from a crack beside the hand wall)
Harbetsuvan Tepesi
— 10,000+ years (dates approximate)
Heart of Neolithic Orkney
— About 3300 to 2500 BC (radiocarbon)
Kapova Cave
— About 36,000 to 14,500 years ago (Ice Age paintings in the Urals)
Lagoa Santa, Luzia and Lapa do Santo
— About 12,700 years ago onward (radiocarbon and OSL)
Nazca
— Nazca centuries, and a count that doubled in 2024 (The figures are Nazca, and the new count is a field check of an AI list.)
Teyuna
— About 560–1600 CE (core plan after about 1100)
The Crystal Skulls
— Most made in the 19th century (dated by tool marks)
The Heavenly Pits
— Formed over the last few million years (still forming)
The Kebra Nagast
— Ge'ez text of the fourteenth century (Colophon tradition 1314–1322; some work places final form in the 1340s.)
The wheels at Konark
— Thirteenth century (chariot, not a measured dial)
Assyria: Nineveh and Nimrud
— About 900 to 612 BC (capitals of the Assyrian empire)
Çayönü
— 11,000+ years (dates approximate)
Lake Nasser
— Drowned in the 1960s (the rescue is the fact)
Lubaantun
— About AD 730 to 890 (Maya city)
Newark Earthworks
— About 2,000 to 1,600 years ago (Hopewell enclosures)
Sundaland
— A drowned Ice Age plain (about 120 metres of sea, and a faster rise inside that)
The Face of Pedra da Gávea
— Rock about 450 to 600 million years old; the inscription claim from 1839 (geology)
The granite block at Thanjavur
— Chola, inaugurated 1009–10 (the 80-ton block)
The Longyou Caves
— More than 2,000 years old (Han pottery in the silt)
The Paracas Elongated Skulls
— About 800 to 100 BC (They are dated by the cemeteries.)
The petroglyphs of Lake Onega and the White Sea
— About 4500 to 3500 BC (swans and demons on the shore)
Uxmal
— Sixth to tenth century (five phases, and a Venus line still argued)
Abu Simbel
— Reign of Ramesses II (the sun is measured)
Actun Tunichil Muknal
— About AD 300 to 960 (Ritual cave)
Arzhan
— About 9th to 7th century BC (the first royal tombs of the steppe)
Körtik Tepe
— 12,000+ years (dates approximate)
Mahabalipuram under the sea
— Pallava shore, and two later drownings (marine growth, not the cutting)
Meadowcroft Rockshelter
— Hearths from about 16,000 radiocarbon years ago (the coal question is the catch)
Sahul shelf
— A land bridge after people were already on Sahul (first underwater Aboriginal sites at least 7,000 and 8,500 years old)
The Baigong Pipes
— Geological age (claimed as ancient iron pipes)
The Ica Stones
— Carved from the 1960s (by the carvers' own account)
The Seven Cities of Piauí
— Devonian sandstone; paintings perhaps 6,000 to 2,000 years old (geology and a contested dating)
Beringia
— A land bridge until about 11,000 years ago (the strait is about 53 metres deep today)
Bhimbetka
— Paintings from the Mesolithic into historical times (buried cupules are a separate, undated claim)
Nabta Playa
— Fifth millennium BCE, and older pottery (the stones are the argument)
Özkonak
— 1,500+ years (origins debated)
Por-Bajin
— Begun in 777 AD (a clay fortress no one lived in)
The Dropa Stones
— A story first printed in 1962 (no stone has been found)
The Nazca "Mummies"
— Shown in 2017 (claimed to be over 1,000 years old)
The Paraíba Inscription
— Reported in 1872; claimed to date from about 500 BC (claimed, and never verified)
Topper
— Clovis sand about 13,000 to 14,000 years (the deeper chert is the fight)
Xunantunich
— About AD 600 to 1000 (Maya city)
Hampi
— To 1565 (the ringing is measured, the lathe is not)
Lamanai
— About 1500 BC to AD 1700 (Maya city)
Nevşehir castle works
— undated (plan unpublished)
Persian Gulf basin
— A river basin until the sea returned, around 8,000 years ago in one reading (a shallow gulf, about 40 metres deep on average)
Q'enqo
— Inca ceremonial rock, Late Horizon (two kinds of stonework)
The Dendera "Lamps"
— About 50 BC to AD 50 (dated by the royal names in the temple)
The Jiahu Flutes and Signs
— About 7000 to 5700 BC (radiocarbon dated)
The Muiraquitãs
— About AD 1000 to 1600 (by association with Santarém and Konduri pottery)
Vottovaara and the seids
— Boulders about 12,000 to 10,000 years old (stones on legs)
Watson Brake
— About 5,400 to 5,000 years ago (before Poverty Point)
Altun Ha
— About 200 BC to AD 900 (Maya city)
Atlit Yam
— A village about 9,400 to 8,000 years ago, now 8 to 12 metres down (Pre-Pottery Neolithic C, drowned in place)
Cerutti Mastodon
— Bones about 130,700 years old (the breakers are the question)
Mount Nemrut
— 2,100+ years (horoscope year debated)
Temple of the Moon
— Inca sector of the Saqsaywaman park (The moon is a later name.)
The Abydos "Helicopter"
— About 1290 to 1270 BC (dated by the kings named in the carving)
The Baghdad Battery
— About 250 BC to AD 650 (clay jar with copper and iron)
The Pottery of Santarém
— About AD 1000 to 1600 (radiocarbon)
The Tarim Mummies
— About 2100 BC to the first centuries AD (radiocarbon dated)
Tunguska
— 30 June 1908 (an airburst reading, and two readings of a nearby lake)
Cahal Pech
— About 1100 BC to AD 1000 (Maya city)
Creswell Crags
— Older than about 12,800 years (flowstone over some engravings; one crust is much younger)
Elephanta Caves
— 5th–6th century (the island was lived on earlier)
Florida drowned sites
— People and a mastodon about 14,550 years ago (a sinkhole now under the river, and sites on the Gulf shelf)
Hattusa
— 3,300+ years (green stone undated)
Ñaupa Iglesia
— An Inca huaca, by the niches (The cutting itself has no laboratory date.)
Paisley Caves
— Coprolites by 12,300 radiocarbon years ago (human DNA in the dated dung)
Shanidar Cave
— About 75,000 to 45,000 years ago (Neanderthal burials)
The Chincana
— Inca passage reported; the rock is undated (main line not reported end to end)
The Library of Alexandria
— From the third century BCE (the books and the reports are the question)
The Painted Rock of Monte Alegre
— About 11,200 to 10,000 years ago (radiocarbon and thermoluminescence)
Tutankhamun's Iron Dagger
— About 1323 BC (dated by the king's burial)
Yangshan Quarry
— Ming, about 1405 (abandoned in the quarry)
Alaca Höyük
— 4,000+ years (two eras on one mound)
Amaru Muru
— Undated carving (a blind niche in red sandstone, with a modern portal story)
Ancient Texts
— Copies from about 1900 to 500 BC (literary tablets, not the age of the cities they name)
Cadair Idris
— A mountain, not a dated monument (folklore of Idris, and a modern star-map claim)
Eccentric flints
— About AD 250 to 900 (Artifact)
Hoysaleswara
— 12th century (the towers are gone)
Mystery Hill
— A farm from 1802, and older charcoal (the walls are the puzzle)
The Narmer Palette
— About 3100 BC (dated by style and the king's name)
The Stone Circle of Calçoene
— About 1,000 years ago (radiocarbon on charcoal from burial pits)
Calico
— Fan deposits about 200,000 years (the flakes are the fight)
Texcotzingo
— Late Postclassic, about 1400 to 1521 (a garden cut in the hill)
The Caves of Peruaçu
— Human presence from about 12,000 years ago (radiocarbon, a count of the carbon left in once-living remains)
The satellites of Menkaure
— 4th Dynasty (three small pyramids beside Menkaure)
Yazılıkaya
— 3,200+ years (calendar reading debated)
Runestones in America
— Reported finds from 1898 to 1971 (one stone dates itself to 1362)
Xochicalco
— About 650 to 900 CE (a city after Teotihuacan)
Yeşemek
— 3,200+ years (abandonment open)
Ayanis
— 2,700+ years (the kingdom’s end debated)
Chichén Itzá
— Terminal Classic and Early Postclassic (the stair and the light)
Drowned Lands
— Dry land until the seas rose after the last glacial maximum (about 120 metres lower, and a seafloor still mostly unmapped)
Zenú canals
— About 200 BCE–1000 CE (height often 5th–10th centuries)
Maya head shaping
— Classic period, and older (about 250 to 900)
Troy
— 5,000+ years (which layer is the war)
Durupınar formation
— undated (natural or relic, disputed)
Wadi Sura II
— About 6500 to 4400 BC by context (no date on the paint; a hunter-gatherer window in the later Green Sahara)
The Vulture Stone and the "Handbags"
— About 9600 to 9500 BC (radiocarbon dates for Enclosure D)
Çavuştepe
— Mid-8th century BCE (the reign bracket can shift by years)
The Piri Reis Map
— 1513 (dated on the map)
Lake Van
— Medieval walls, date open (older blocks still possible)
Sierra de San Francisco
— Pigment dates from about 5,300 to a few hundred years (the samples disagree; a listing says 100 BC to AD 1300)
Kef Kalesi
— 7th century BCE (the fire is less tightly dated)
Toprakkale
— 7th century BCE (the Urartian citadel called Rusahinili)
The Muisca raft
— About 600–1600 CE (Muisca, not one year)
Winged gold
— Catalogue dates disagree (Tolima gold, graves rarely known)
Tierradentro
— About 600–900 CE (one paint date later)
San Agustín
— 1–900 CE (Regional Classic mounds)
Sites
Amambay rock art
Sandstone shelters in eastern Paraguay are cut with tracks, pits, and signs. A hearth under one wall is dated 5,212 ± 323 before present. Books from the 1970s read some of the marks as Norse runes.